Lightning strikes Lake Michigan, Chicago, Illinois. Photo credit: Vinhfield Ta Lightning strikes are not uncommon, and kill 20-50 people per year in the U.S. (1) They can also be associated with significant morbidity.  The sequelae of a lightning victim is based on the 1) electrical…

A middle-aged patient presents with signs and symptoms of heart failure. What are the signs and symptoms? What is this patient's etiology? Take-aways this morning: Categories of Heart Failure: HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) (no longer systolic heart…